Linux Fundamentals II
Learn how to use SSH, advanced commands, and file system interaction...
SSH (Deploy)
is a protocol between devices in an encrypted form. Using cryptography, any input we send in a human-readable format is encrypted for travelling over a network - where it is then unencrypted once it reaches the remote machine.
SSH allows us to remotely execute commands on another device remotely. Any data sent between the devices is encrypted when it is sent over a network such as the Internet.
Flags & Switches
A majority of commands allow for arguments to be provided. These arguments are identified by a hyphen and a certain keyword known as flags or switches.
ls -a
Displays hidden files
ls --help
Lists the help options (other flags that can be used)
man ls
Gives us the manual pages for the command
rm -R
Removes a directory
ls -lh
Shows the permissions for files (h is to show it in human readable form)
Commands
touch
Touch
Create file
mkdir
Make directory
Create a folder
cp
Copy
Copy a file or folder
mv
Move
Move a file or folder
rm
Remove
Remove a file or folder
file
File
Determine the type of a file
su
Change user
Common Directories
/etc
The etc folder (short for etcetera) is a commonplace location to store system files that are used by your operating system.
/var
The var folder (short for variable data) stores data that is frequently accessed or written by service or applications running on the system. For example, log files (/var/log).
/root
The home for the root user.
/tmp
Short for temperorary, the directory is volatile and is used to store data that is only needed to be accessed once or twice. Similar to RAM on a computer.
Answers
Task 3
What directional arrow key would we use to navigate down the manual page? down
What flag would we use to display the output in a “human-readable” way? -h
Task 4
How would you create the file named “newnote”? touch newnote
On the deployable machine, what is the file type of “unknown1” in “tryhackme’s” home directory? ASCII text
How would we move the file “myfile” to the directory “myfolder” mv myfile myfolder
What are the contents of this file? THM{FILESYSTEM}
Task 5
On the deployable machine, who is the owner of “important”? user2
What would the command be to switch to the user “user2”? su user2
Output the contents of “important”, what is the flag? THM{SU_USER2
Task 6
What is the directory path that would we expect logs to be stored in? /var/log
What root directory is similar to how RAM on a computer works? /tmp
Name the home directory of the root user /root
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